Oil and Natural Gas: Its Effects to America and the Global Economy Essay

Oil and natural gas have a very important role in the lives of almost all people in the world. These have been the primary source of energy that fuels the technological civilization that exists at the present. Its importance could be seen in the everyday lives of most individuals. The moment someone wakes up in the morning and read the newspaper up to the time that same person would sleep in the comforts of his/her home, the utilization of petroleum products are present. The newspaper is produced out of ink coming from oil as well as the printing machine that is operated by the same means of energy. Similarly, oil-operated machineries also create the various infrastructures like the houses people live in. Furthermore, even computers, which are widely used today in terms of government services and even in mere personal purposes, are run by electricity coming from natural gas. According to Pfeiffer, the present civilization is built on oil and that economic progress will continue as long as there is a continuous supply of this energy. This is also the reason why the volatile and fluctuating prices of oil and natural gas affect numerous countries as well as its citizens. Its status in the international market has implications in the economies of countries like the United States of America and basically, the whole world. Oil and natural gas that are the backbone of this society’s economy has a long history behind it. These sources of energy come from the earth’s ground as either solids, liquids, or gases. Crude oil or petroleum is liquid source of energy that is considered as a commercial fossil fuel. Natural gas as well as propane comes in gaseous form. Coal, on the other hand is a solid form of energy (Nonrenewable Energy). These energy sources are formed in the earth millions of years ago when it was still covered by water. Combine remains of animals and tiny plants that are layered together with sand and mud are also present. During the time that the earth underwent drastic changes, intense amount of heat and pressure were present, which have been the caused for these fossils to turn into hydrocarbons. Basically, what are simple remnants of plants and animals have turned into valuable deposits of crude oil and natural gas inside the crust of the earth (Discover the wonders of natural gas). Natural gas is often defined as a combustible, gaseous mixture made up of simple hydrocarbons. It is a very light portion of petroleum that includes both natural gas as well as crude oil. Natural gas often rise through the surface by means of natural openings in the earth’s crust or it can be brought to the surface by man-made wells. Thousand of years ago, it was discovered that this gas could be burned and be utilized for heat and light. At present, natural gas is still one of the safest, efficient, and abundant source of energy in the world (Discover the wonders of natural gas The importance of oil and natural gas to the world’s economy is very vital, which is why a decline in its resources would mean a devastating crisis which would affect countries not only with the likes of the United States of America but also the whole world. According to the Energy Information Administration and the Department of Commerce and Bureau of Economic Analysis (Pfeiffer), United States’ was able to acquire its status as a superpower in the global economy due to the availability of oil, natural gas, and coal. The increase in the energy consumption is directly proportional with the income of the U.  S. because the higher the amount of energy consumed, the annual gross domestic product (GDP) also increases. However, a large amount of the country’s GDP becomes reliant in the consumption of energy. If a decline in energy consumption takes place then this will eventually have an adverse effect in the annual gross domestic product of the country. What is even worst is the idea that the decline of consumption is suspected to change abruptly rather than gradually. This could lead to the collapsed of the market especially when the investors realized that the decrease in energy resources could not be reversed. The outcome of this situation would entail a crisis that is worse than the Great Depression of 1930s (Pfeiffer). The adverse effect in the lack or limited supply of oil resources is greatly felt during the 1973 Oil Crisis. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries that is mostly composed of Arab nations decided to imposed an oil embargo in western countries especially in the United States of America. This action is brought about by the participation of western countries in the Yom Kippur War wherein they supported Israel in this armed conflict. Another reason of the embargo is the realization of member countries of the OPEC of the important position they have in the global economy. They started to increase the prices of oil and at the same time decrease its supply. Basically, OPEC utilized the oil embargo as both a political tactic as well as a means of empowering themselves. In doing so, they were able to punished the western countries for supplying arms to the Israelis and at the same time realized their potential due to the effects of their action towards other countries (Horton). United States of America experienced an abrupt increase in the prices of petroleum products. The prices quadrupled from a mere 25 cents to almost a dollar within the span of a few months. The country was in complete disarray. A nation that was so accustomed to driving vehicles in their everyday lives was now powerless with the high prices of oil. People have to wait for about two to three hours in line just to get their car’s fueled. The consumption of oil dropped about twenty percent due to the high prices of oil as well as the efforts of the citizens to conserve money (Horton). The U. S. government did extreme measures in order to conserve oil. The congress issued a speed limit of 55mph that reduced fuel consumption and reports of fatalities. Even the practiced of the daylight savings time happened during that period in order to conserve energy. Tax credits were also given to those people who could devised new sources of energy like solar and wind power. Moreover, President Nixon, who was the president during that time, created the Energy Department and made it a part of the cabinet office. Its main purpose is to developed energy policy that could make the U.  S. energy independent. The oil companies also cooperated in Nixon’s call for energy conservation as they voluntarily closed on Sundays and they only cater to their regular customers. They only sell ten gallons of gasoline or less at a time. Being the case, they believed that these would contribute in making the American citizens thriftier in using petroleum products (Horton). Arab countries especially the members of the OPEC once again exported oil to western countries. However, the shipment of petroleum products has inflated prices. One of the crucial effects of the oil crisis is the economic decline the world experienced due the an inflation rate that remained above ten percent as well as the record high unemployment rate. After World War II, economic growth, which was happening worldwide, has been observable but this was no longer the case due to the oil embargo that took place. According to Horton, at present, the effects of the 1973 oil crisis are still being felt. This can be seen in the practices of most people. Nowadays, fuel-efficient vehicles are more patronized as compared to big cars that are very gas consuming. Most appliances that are used today require less energy consumption as compared before. Furthermore, the exploration of resources and other means of energy also increased in the U. S. The series of armed conflict in the Middle East change the pattern of consumption of oil products. Oil is responsible for approximately one-third of the energy used in the world. The series of wars starting from the Iranian revolution in 1979-1980 up to the Iran-Iraq war in 1980 had caused a drop in the over all consumption of oil in the world. In 1980, 63 million barrels are consumed per day but it decreases into 59 million barrels per day in 1983. However, the consumption of petroleum products in the world has increased ever since with 84 million barrels per day in 2005 (United States Government Accountability Office, p. 9). The United States of America also experience an increase in the consumption of petroleum products since 1983 to 2004, from 1. 65 percent annually to an averaged of 20. 6 million barrels per day in 2005. The country consumes one-quarter of the world’s oil consumption. According to the projections of the Energy Information Agency, U.  S. consumption will continue to increase up to 27. 6 million barrels per day by the year 2030 (United States Government Accountability Office, p. 9). The duration of the oil crisis has also paved the way for a new idea in the international economy in terms of monetary and the oil industry. Dr. Ibrahim Oweiss, a professor of economics at the Georgetown University coined the term â€Å"petrodollar†. This word connotes the money being paid by western countries in exchange for petroleum products that mostly comes from west Asian countries or the Middle East. This took place during the time where there is a significant increase in dollar surpluses. Most countries especially the developing ones are exchanging their commodities for dollars (Washington Affairs). According to the Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, the petrodollar poses a new threat in the American economy as well as the world’s. If during the oil crisis of 1973, petroleum products were utilized in order to punish western countries from its participation in the Yom Kippur War. At present, petrodollar could be a viable weapon for Middle Eastern countries to once again affect the economic situation of the world. This would become possible if an Arab nation would pull out its investment from New York Banks, which will trigger a tremendous shift in the U. S. economy. However, Dr. Oweiss himself warned that if ever such incident would take place the U. S. government would implement the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, which would freeze the asset instead of allowing it to be removed. The investment of the Middle East in the U. S. is then considered as a form of â€Å"capital hostage†. The politics behind the supply and demand for oil could be attributed to the important role that it has in the economy of the world especially in countries like the United States of America. However, petroleum products are considered to be finite resources or non-renewable source of energy. Non-renewable resource like petroleum products are sources of energy that cannot be replenished, regenerated, or re-made in a short span of time. It exist in a particular fixed amount which could be totally consumed before it could be re-made again by nature (Nonrenewable Energy). The finite or limited source of oil and natural gas has a huge effect on the pattern of supply and demand, which will eventually affect the price for these commodities. The price of oil in the world market determined based upon the balance between the world’s demand and supply. Recently, the production of oil has reach its near capacity because of the continuous increase in demand, which is also the reason why there is an upward pressure in oil prices (United States Government Accountability Office, p. 0). Oil consumption is inversely proportional with oil prices. Higher oil prices caused consumers to reduce their oil consumption. Increases in crude oil are also reflected in other petroleum products like gasoline, diesel, home heating oil, as well as petrochemicals. Consumers’ adaptability to the increase in oil prices is greatly dependent on the cost of changing their activities and shifting their lifestyle in order for them to utilized less oil. In connection with that, consumers are believed to have more options in adapting to the high prices of oil in the long term rather than in the short-term situation. Reducing the amount of oil consumed in the short terms would be possible by merely driving less or more slowly as compared to the long term solution wherein people could actually purchase a more fuel-efficient vehicle or moved closer to work so that their consumption of oil would be reduced (United States Government Accountability Office, p. 11).

Early Education Program Essay

The best way to set up an early childhood program is to provide visual stimulating environments combined with spaces children can call their own. The best way I can set up an infant/Toddler classroom with everything I learned thus far would be to use a few simply approaches and theories in our school setting. Each class has a daily schedule that is posted and followed. The class schedule starts from 6:00 am-6:00 pm. The routine must include diaper changes/potty training every hour. Our children must have outdoor time twice a day (weather permitting) and bottled feeding of infants are on demand while our toddlers eat three meals a day starting at 8:30, 11:30, and 2:30. Along with this schedule, the staff create open centers and teach creative curriculum even as young as six weeks in our program. Infants/toddlers are always learning and absorbing their surroundings. We as staff are their first teachers in life. They are natural copycats. I choose this age group of infant/toddlers because I believe this is a very important stage in a child’s life. Infants/toddlers learn by watching what we do no matter if it’s a positive action or a negative one. They will copy us its just what they do. So being mindful of how we talk and move and our tone really sets the mood for their learning. In my infant/toddler program, there are many things I would like to see happen and the way I would approach it is by teaching my staff how to apply The Creative Curriculum approach. This is a comprehensive early childhood educational system that emphasizes a practical, easy to understand approach to working with children. It promotes the use of interest areas as a way of providing experiences that promote cognitive, social, and physical and language development. (Teaching strategies gold). I would use this method by setting up everything in the class at eye level. The children need to be able to see and touch everything. Sensory is very important at this age and allowing the infants access to their surroundings helps build their social emotional and physical needs. Children learn through play and every day life experiences and creative curriculum allows me the ability to let them play and learn at the same time. Our teachers will set up their classroom in areas that allow for science, math, literacy, music, art, and dramatic play. Friedrich Froebel is a huge part of education, he saw children as having an innate desire to learn, and he believed that children needed to be active in their own learning and Respect with which the individuality and ability of each child should be treated; â€Å"the importance of creating a happy, harmonious environment in which he or she can grow; and the value of self-activity and play as a foundation on which the integrated development of the whole person can be built. † (Friedrich Froebel 1782-1852). I choose this approach because it relates to the type of classrooms I envision in our program because Froebel stated, â€Å"Play is the highest expression of human development in childhood, for it alone is the free expression of what is in a child’s soul. † He also believed that children were like flowers because they varied and needed care, alone they are beautiful but together they are glorious. I have learned in my career that infants/toddlers are all unique and learn at different paces and levels. Froebel’s teachings used things like free play, games, songs, stories, and crafts to stimulate imagination while developing physical and motor skills. Creative curriculum is all about gross motor and fine motor skills as well. Both of these tie so well into each other that it makes for excellent observations when shadowing the child. There are a lot of ways we can teach our infant/Toddlers cognitive, social- emotional, and physical development skills, even at this early age. By having centers set up around our classrooms that allow our staff to teach them these tools is easy to execute. Our children learn these things through creative curriculum in our program. For example Math! Singing a simple song such as â€Å"This little piggy† Wiggle your toes! Twirl your fingers! Reciting favorite nursery rhymes is an engaging way for your child to learn to count. â€Å"Turning your favorite nursery rhymes into counting games for kids is an engaging way for your child to learn to count and begin understanding one-to-one correspondence. † (PBS. ORG) My staff can sing these kinds of songs during diaper changes or while laying/sitting on the floor. And example of how this activity would be done is the following: Recite to your child the classic nursery rhyme â€Å"This Little Piggy Went to Market. † As you say each line, softly squeeze one of your child’s fingers or toes and say a number in sequence from 1 to 5: This little piggy went to market. (Softly squeeze a thumb or big toe and say, â€Å"That’s one! †) This little piggy stayed home. (Softly squeeze a second finger or toe and say, â€Å"That’s two! †) This little piggy had roast beef (or tofu or ice cream). (Softly squeeze a third finger or toe and say, â€Å"That’s three! †) This little piggy had none. (Softly squeeze a fourth finger or toe and say, â€Å"That’s four! †) This little piggy cried â€Å"Wee-wee-wee! † all the way home. (Softly squeeze a pinkie finger or toe and say, â€Å"That’s five! †) Reading is very crucial at this age so it should be a daily part of our curriculum. Examples to implement this would be Recite nursery rhymes and sing songs to your younger infants in the classroom. Early infancy is a good time to begin reciting and singing rhyming songs. Studies have shown that nursery Rhymes calm and soothe babies and believe it or not theses are the first stories they will begin to learn and memorize. Around baby’s first birthday, my teachers should establish a regular reading routine. At this age, many babies will enjoy looking at a specific book that has been read over and over, the lead teacher will choose to implement this book in his/her circle time. Teachers can let the child sit in their lap and touch the book and turn the pages. Teachers can point out objects and really let them connect with what’s on the page. Science is learned primarily through sensory exploration of the world. Explores objects in many different ways (e. g. , shaking, banging, throwing, dropping). Repeats an action to make it happen again, experiencing cause and effect (e. g. , dropping items off highchair tray). All of these examples allow our infant/toddlers to explore and learn at their own pace. According to the NAEYC standards its our job as teachers and Administrators is to promote a healthy environment for our children that respectful, supportive, and challenging to them. NAEYC also states that family and community support is huge part of their educational future, I have parent volunteer forms that allow my parents to come in a read to our toddlers during circle time. I encourage them to come and join the crafts we do as well as start communication logs. This is the foundation and core of what early Ed. Is all about. Another standard our program met is doing weekly observations on the infant/toddlers to see where they are. My observations are done in each area to give me and my staff a  better idea of where the child is at and what things we need to do to help if the child is lacking in any area. An example of this would be if a teacher has an infant that reaches out for him/her as soon as he/she sees them and starts smiling. This is a social/emotional observation because the infant is showing recognition of who they are and making a connection with them. Infants that cry and then suck their thumbs to self soothe is showing cognitive observations by taking care of ones needs. This infant has figured out how to meet her needs by self-soothing. These are areas we must be trained in to observe and document according to NAYEC standards. Another standard is standard five building meaningful curriculum. â€Å"Candidates prepared in early childhood degree programs a) use their knowledge of academic disciplines to design, implement, and evaluate experiences that promote positive development and learning for each and every young child. Candidates understand the importance of developmental domains and academic (or content) disciplines in early childhood curriculum. They b) know the essential concepts, inquiry tools, and structure of content areas, including academic subjects, and can identify resources to deepen their understanding. Candidates c) use their own knowledge and other resources to design, implement, and evaluate meaningful, challenging curriculum that promotes comprehensive developmental and learning outcomes for every young child. (NAYEC)An example of this is the lesson plan listed below to show how our teachers implement this in the Toddler classroom. The role we as administrator’s play is very different from the teachers because it is our job to make sure our school runs smoothly. As the director I over see the day-to-day routines in the classrooms. I help my teachers with lesson plans by approving them or teaching them what things they need to add or find appropriate activities for the children. With our school be accredited by NAYEC. I make sure we follow all curriculum based guidelines within that. I send all my teachers to training to give them the tools to be able to apply creative curriculum and I am here to make sure all policies and procedures are being followed to ensure we are living up to our philosophy, vision, and mission statements. Our program believes in parent and community involvement we promote that by inviting them into their child’s classroom, we stand by our vision of providing our teachers with the best trainings and educational support possible. Lastly our Philosophy Children learn through play and need to be able to have the freedom to thrive and learn from one another. No two children are the same so their learning process should not be the same! When you know better you do better! We believe in allowing our children to take part in what they learn and how they learn. You need to excite an interest to learn within a child instead of making it a chore. (Week 1, dis 1) REFERENCES Thoman, E. , & Browder, S. (1995, January 1). Infant/Toddler Caregiving A Guide to Cognitive Development and Learning. Infant/Toddler Caregiving: A Guide to Cognitive Development and Learning. Retrieved June 11, 2014, from http://clas. uiuc. edu/fulltext/cl03256/cl03256. html http://www. pbs. org/parents/education/math/activities/baby-toddler/ http://teachingstrategies. com/ http://www. naeyc. org/ http://www. pgpedia. com/f/friedrich-froebel Gadzikowski, A. (2013). Administration of early childhood education programs. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Autobiographical Writing

Buzz. That's the alarm. I guess it must be 7.30 I reached from my warm quilt to activate the snooze button to grab an extra six minutes kip. Just turning over and getting comfy. Buzz. There it goes again. At this point I've also got my mom shouting up the stairs â€Å"Ian you're going to be late for school if you miss the bus I'm not taking you† I kicked off the covers and dragged myself onto my feet. Half an hour later I was out the door jogging for the bus as it came up the hill. â€Å"Ian put your shoes on before you come to class, Ian take your coat off and sit down, make it look like your staying.† What a way to start the day nag nag nag. First lesson maths, â€Å"Ian take your coat off and sit down, Ian stop talking and pay attention.† The usual crowd in math's just telling my mate about the weekend then all I hear â€Å"Ian get out.† So its 9.40 and here I am outside the door I Know more about this corridor than the cleaners. Oh no here comes the teacher think of a good excuse â€Å"Miss I was asking him the answer to a question.† Ring. Thank God for that. Its break time. Grabbed a can of coke from the machine and straight down the football pitch for a quick fifteen minute kick around before I was back in French and being nagged. Well least I thought I would be back in French in fifteen minutes. The game was in full swing we were playing the year 11. We were all over them I went in for a sly tackle and before you knew it I went down hit the floor, heard a snap, and I was nursing a funny shaped arm that looked like the u-bend of a sink. â€Å"Ian are you alright?† all the lads were shouting to me as I walked up the hill to Mr. Roycroft â€Å"Ian follow me mate I will take you to the office, that looks nasty I think you'll have to go to the hospital.† Before you know it I was in the office with a crowd of spectators outside the door. If I had charged I would of made a fortune! In comes my sister â€Å"Oh my God. Oh my God, Ian are you alright? Does mom know yet?† Lying on the hospital bed with my shoes off everything started to sink in. Now the shock had passed the pain started to kick in I wasn't even aloud pain killers until my parents arrived WHERE ARE THEY! First on the scene dad calm as ever â€Å"Oh dear you've made a mess of that haven't you son what's happening has anyone seen you yet.† So here I am lying in agony in a bed that more than a thousand people have been in with a dad as calm as ever and no doctors coming to sort me out although my arm is hanging off, I am obviously not very important. At least I didn't have to go back to French and it looks like there wont be any school for a while I wonder if they'll miss me? Eventually the doctors arrive like a pack of wolves gathering round me humming and arring talking about me like I was invisible. Ten minutes later they decide I needed to go to theatre to be put back to normal. They gave me some pain killers of some sort, which did the trick because the rest was a blur. â€Å"Ian it's all over now you might feel some discomfort but the worst is over.† â€Å"Ian are you alright do you want me to prop up your pillows.† So in 24 hours I have got my arm in plaster to the shoulder I am lying in the same place as before, and I am in more pain now than when I did it. Next day nothing has changed not been out of bed and now I know these four walls just as well as the corridor outside the math's room. â€Å"Ian I have some good news for you its time to go home and you will have to have six weeks off school.† That was the best news I had heard all year six weeks off school. Well I have had a really good rest without anybody nagging at me how long will that last I wonder? â€Å"Ian your teas ready. Are you listening to me? I hope you have been doing some of your school work. Ian answer me! Didn't last very long I think I am going to change my name to Paul! Autobiographical Writing I still remember my visit to Oostende, a small town in Belgium, with school staff and students in Year 8. We went there to play in a football tournament against teams from all over Europe. To me, this trip is unforgettable because I had such a great time and I felt free from the troubles of school and life in general. Oostende was a pleasant town on the coast of Belgium. Unfortunately, the sea was deemed hazardous so we weren't allowed on the sandy beach. But that didn't seem to affect the holiday. The nightlife was fantastic. The staff that came with us were Mr Fletcher, Mr Fuller and Mr Curry and they let us stay out until midnight. I think they let us stay out late so that they could get drunk! Every night after dinner I would go out and buy chips and coke. I hated the food in the hotel, infact I hated the entire hotel. When I told this to Mr Curry he said, ‘what do you expect for two hundred pounds'? We often went to the arcades and played games. Once we went to play pool in a club and I proved too good for my friends. In the end we got chucked out of the club for being too noisy. The teachers often fined us. We got fined for things like swearing or forgetting something. Thankfully I didn't get fined too much but my friend Andrew got fined the most because he kept on farting! The football tournament was held in a leisure centre and it was held over three days. There were nineteen teams in the tournament and we were drawn in Group A with the stronger teams. We played well and after intense competition, ended the group in third place. This was a remarkable achievement for us as we were expecting to lose hopelessly to every team. I think we did this well because the holiday also allowed the team to bond with each other and great team spirit was created. By finishing in third, we had given ourselves an outside chance of making it to the final. The next day was the playoffs. We had to win four matches to make it into the final. We won the first three matches 3-0, with me getting a hat trick in the second match, and managed to scrape through to the final with a narrow victory over Chiswick United in the final game. We were ecstatic and jubilant about making it to the final but out coaches told us not to get arrogant and boastful. The final kicked off at three o'clock and proved to be a close encounter. The match was like a chess match; every move or pass had to be precise- there was no room for mistakes. Our star striker, Sanjay, had given us the lead thanks to an exquisite volley but a blunder by Sid, our keeper, meant we went to half time with the scores level. The scores stayed the same until the ninetieth minute. I collected a pass from Sanjay and he made a run towards the goal. I played a through ball into his path. The defenders didn't move, as they were appealing for offside but the decision wasn't given. He was onside. My heart was in my mouth. He was on his own with only the goalkeeper to beat. He deceived the keeper by pretending to shoot. All he had to do was to go around him. He did but just as he was about to shoot the keeper brought him down. The referee blew his whistle. He had given us a penalty in the final minute. Sanjay was our regular penalty taker but he got injured when the keeper brought him down. The team gathered near the penalty spot to discuss who should take it. The team was panicking and, as captain, I decided that I was the only person suitable to take the penalty. I was quietly confident of scoring because I enjoyed being in pressure situations. I placed the ball on the spot and stepped backwards measuring my run up. I looked up at the keeper and he snarled at me. He said a few words to put me off. It worked. Suddenly I wasn't so confident anymore. My heart was beating like a drum and my legs felt like jelly. The goal was shrinking every time I looked at it. I tried to pull myself together. I picked a part of the goal to aim for and said a prayer. After putting my head down I started my run up and kicked the ball with the toe of my lucky Nike boots. The ball spent an eternity in the air. ‘Yeesssss' the crowd shouted. The ball went in. The keeper dived the wrong way. I had won the tournament for the team. In a moment of sheer jubilation, I took off my shirt and ran around the pitch. As I reel back the memories in my head I still remember how I felt that Sunday afternoon. It was one of my proudest ever moments but there was an another moment that I was equally as proud of. On the final night of the holiday, the teachers called us to the hotel for a meeting. They told us they had really enjoyed this holiday and were really impressed by the way we had played. Furthermore they said that they used the money they collected for fines to buy trophies for us. There were four trophies to acquire, and I won the player's player award. This was an immense honour for me as I was voted for by my fellow counterparts. I had a really valuable experience on this trip. I got to know people that I didn't really know well and became more responsible for myself. I became more independent and gained maturity as the holiday went on.

What were the major historical causes for the successive waves of Essay

What were the major historical causes for the successive waves of Greek colonization In what ways did Greek colonies impact Greek political institutions and cultural values - Essay Example Moreover, years of military expertise and familiarity with defending the Greek Speaking world from a host of foreign threats came to integrate deeply within an understanding of Greece and its role throughout the region. As can be seen from the situation that is been described, there was not merely one or two factors that encourage to Greece to colonize and otherwise invade the surrounding regions. Instead, a litany of factors coalesced and encouraged the nascent state, as a direct result of its exposure, trade, and subsequent military conquest, that colonization would be an effective means through which a greater level of wealth and regional influence could be exhibited. After the conquest of the first wave of Greek colonization, it became clear that a level of administrative authority, unlike what existed within the Greek states, must be exerted as a means of ensuring that a level of separatism and possible/potential rebellion was not exhibited. Due to the fact that the individuals who were colonized were inherently â€Å"non-Greek† the colonies could not be expected to be administered willingly in the same way that free men within the Greek city states existed. As such, a new form of administration and one that promoted a level of Greek culture, identification, and governance was established within these newly conquered realms. Although it was not a primary interest of the Greek colonizers to instill a level of cultural respect, the institutions and governance structure that was established effectively created a level of Greek culture and respect for it within the institutions that have thus far been described. As with any empire throughout the course of history, the growth and diversity of colonies created a situation in which Greece was forced to expend a great deal of energy, time, and money as a means of administering and ensuring that these colonies continue

BUS475 Final Strategic Plan and Presentation Essay

BUS475 Final Strategic Plan and Presentation - Essay Example Regardless of the business type established; it is pertinent to appreciate the two fundamental components of strategic planning, i.e. long-term objectives and the all-inclusive strategy.These objectives and strategies help management to predefine organizational objectives. Long-term objectives refer to results the organization seeks to attain over a certain period, for instance, a five-year period. Grand strategies, on the other hand, are the thorough approaches that guide organizational actions aimed at meeting the long-term objectives The establishment of these objectives and targets centers on the firm’s mission, values and vision. Some notable strategies that enable the achievement of HBR’s goals and managing the changing environment include the following: Financial Strategies The spa’s main objective is to become the preferential spa where customers go to enhance their natural beauty. HBR also aims at increasing its market share by at least 9-12% in the next two years while also operating on high revenue and low costs. HBR will establish tactics to provide a balance between its income and expenditure. HRB will base its calculation of the preferred profits on the evaluation of desire and price percentiles of profit. HBR will use the strategy of return on investment to maximize the use of financial resources and reduce expenses efficiently. Technology Strategies In keeping up with modern technologies, the spa will achieve its objectives in an effectual manner. The firm will continually upgrade and appreciate the latest software information technologies that have immense impacts of the beauty industry. These technologies will help HBR to share accurate and timely information with all stakeholders. Some vital information technologies, which HBR will have, include intranet networking, the Internet, e-mail, fax, telephones and mobile phones. IT strategies ensure HBR provides services to its clients throughout the day. Technologically, the sp a will position itself strategically by having the latest online reservation and payment services for busy professionals (Wilson & Gilligan, 2005). Marketing Strategies HBR’s marketing objective is to generate awareness of the spa and cater for persons with the desire to be pampered and rejuvenate their innate beauty. HBR aims at offering the best possible beauty experiences to its customers to ensure high referrals. HBR intends to be a magnet for both middle and high income earners by providing tailored packages to suit their demands and financial abilities (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2008). These individuals may opt for the complete beauty package that includes a full seaweed body scrub, facial, manicure, pedicure and makeup application or one or two of these services. Irrespective of the package clients choose; HBR will offer its clients the best possible services with the utmost professionalism. HBR will use promotional programs such as gift cards at subsidized rates, adv ertising, especially in social media sites and malls, online marketing and print and electronic media. The firm will also offer complimentary facials to all new clients to retain them for the long term. Monitoring and Controlling In HBR, the implementation of strategic plans is extremely vital since control and monitoring are essential to the accuracy of the strategic implementation plan. Some crucial monitoring and controlling tools include the following: 1. Development Behavioral Control System is crucial to the exemplary performance of HBR’s strategic plan. HBR will monitor its operating procedure, standards, rules and regulations. HBR will control the implementation of policies guarding ethical and legal frameworks and human resources. This control program is viable in ascertaining the relation between the activities of HBR and the outcomes (Wilson & Gilligan, 2005). 2. Development of a quality control system is also an effective monitoring and

Writing Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Writing Assignment 2 - Essay Example The article also aimed to establish a pattern of communication between different types of groups. The study conducted by Kurz focused more on the â€Å"discussions between in-group dyads about an out-group, or a member of an out-group† (Kurz, 2009. p. 894). Technically, what Kurz wanted to achieve in his study is to understand the dynamics of communications within a given group and how this dynamics affect the individuals within and outside of the group. According to Kurz, â€Å"the prevalence of stereotypical descriptions in discussions of out-groups within in-group dyads may stem from a desire to affirm shared beliefs about the out-group†(Kurz, 2009. p. 893). In the article, Kurz described stereotyping as a means for the individual to gain favor within the group. By surveying the various communication stereotypes, the author hoped to identify useful means of communication that individuals and groups can use to gain favors from each other. In conducting the research, Kurz relied on the dyad and group discussion paradigms to get the data and other information that he needed. He also tried to investigate the ways on how narratives of group members are reproduced among the other members of the group and used effectively. In drawing his hypothesis, Kurz relied on a study of related literature that points out that those narratives about group members when communicated to other members tend to be â€Å"stripped of stereotype inconsistent information (SI), with stereotype consistent (SC) information being retained† (Kurz, 2009, p. 895). Accordingly, the stereotype consistency bias can be attributed to the communication process by which the information passes from one person to another rather than a result of general memory biases (Wigboldus, et al, 2005). In other words, as the message from an outside source is repeated within the group and is passed from one group member to another, the message now takes

Organizational culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Organizational culture - Essay Example It is very important for an organization to change their cultures from time to time in order to become adaptable to the changing environment of business and to continue operating successfully. An organization that has a culture that is always ready to change experiences ambiguous environment, in such organizations, individuals do not know what kind of changes will take place and when changes will take place. In such conditions, it is very important for the organization to have leaders who can handle the change scenario. It is widely believed that an organization that is following a single culture has higher chances of being successful. Though, it is just a myth, because organizations competing in the 21st century have to change with changes in technology and way things are done. If organizations stick to the same system for a longer period of time, they might not be able to compete with those who are accepting change and operating according to changes in the environment (Cummings 521 &

Food Allergys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Food Allergys - Essay Example Family background and age seem to be known causes of certain allergies. Hay fever, asthma, hives and eczema can be traced back to specific family backgrounds. While allergies such as milk, soy, wheat and eggs are considered to be more age related and occur mostly in children. In adults, food allergies are most commonly connected with the ingestion of peanuts, fish and shellfish. Recent studies also suggest that an immune system defect may also cause food allergies. Dr. Claudio Nicoletti of the Institute of Food Research in the United Kingdom believes that an allergy happens in 2 stages. He explains that "There are two stages to food allergy. The first is sensitisation, when the immune system starts producing an antibody in response to eating a food. The second is when that food is eaten for a second time, triggering an allergic reaction. We have identified an immune response malfunction that occurs in the sensitisation stage, which could provide a target for future therapies," (qtd. in FoodQuality news.com) Food Allergies are estimated to occur in 6 to 8 percent of infants and young children. A number of these children outgrow their Food Allergies over the first three to five years of life.

Benefits of Cooperatives to the Contemporary Economy Essay

Benefits of Cooperatives to the Contemporary Economy - Essay Example According to the report findings different people have different definitions of what is and what it should be. In most cases, the term is used to define the action of the people that voluntarily come together and use reciprocally their forces and resources under an agreeable mutual management for the sake of profitability or loss. As the research stresses the identity of a cooperative is known by examining five main attributes: have a governance structure in place, tax-filing status is examined, application of a statement of principles, incorporation status and self-identification. Cooperatives are very essential in shifting the buck from the government. They are unique in the way they tackle the issues within the economy, dealing with the same aspects that affect the growing needs of those in the society. They are a good plan for farmers who want to gain anything from fertilisers, farming loans, selling their produce, getting a market to sell their services, having a rationalised mode of payment as well as maximising on the distribution of resources to even the most remote areas in a country. The farmers are the most beneficiaries across the world with so many cooperative societies targeting farmers across the world. They are able to deal with the farmers in a way the government cannot. They fight for their r ights and that keeps the farmers motivated. They are easy to form and that makes it easy to have them in any area where people come together for this purpose.

Color Symbolism in Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Color Symbolism in Great Gatsby Essay White: related to Jordon and Daisy, usually represents purity, ironically it represents the false purity and corruption of Daisy and Jordon. White is also related to dreams and fantasy, which ties into Gatsby and Nick because to them the girls were like fairies that seemed to float around. Daisy can be related to a white flower with a golden center because as you see in the novel she appears pure on the outside, but is corrupted by the golden money on the inside. Blue: related to Gatsby and his dream, numerous times Gatsby’s party is described as having a romantic blue aura around them. When Gatsby is with Daisy it’s a perfect blend of blue and white that blissfully make the area feel like a dream. Blue seems to represent success in this novel too because when Gatsby starts his new life with Dan Cody the first thing he buys is â€Å"a blue coat†. However, like most good things in this novel, once the party is over or Daisy leaves Gatsby; that’s when the mysterious yellow haze takes over the blue. Red: related to Gatsby and Nick, with Gatsby it symbolizes strongly the ugliness of reality and the masquerade of success. With Nick, it illustrated the dazzling world of the rich and the enchantment of material riches. However as the novel progresses red becomes grotesque and is related to violence and death. Yellow: related to money and wealth. This is the most widely used color in the novel; it’s usually used in conjunction with a demotion of something being gold to just plain yellow. A great example of this is Gatsby’s car, before it kills Myrtle it’s a â€Å"pristine cream colored car† however, after the murder it loses its luster and become a yellow car. Green: related to Daisy and encouragement of Gatsby, beckoned Gatsby to make Nick invite Daisy over so they could meet. However, Gatsby seeking the blue and green hue disregards the yellow that creeps in and ultimately leads to his tragic downfall.

Motivation Of Employees In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay

Motivation Of Employees In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay The last few decades have been characterised by a radical change in management perceptions about the importance of the work force in achievement of strategic objectives of business organisations. Management experts agree that in situations where competitors have similar financial resources and organisational infrastructures, competitive edge can be achieved only through well trained and intensely motivated employee forces. The hotel industry has grown remarkably in the last two decades. With the industry expanding exponentially, capacity builds ups in business and tourism centres have created enormous competition in all its segments. Whilst hotel managers strive to provide good physical facilities to their clients, it is widely accepted that excellence in service quality is best achieved through the efforts of employees to meet customer needs. Motivating employees is thus seen to be a critical task of hotel managers. The dissertation project aims to examine the importance of motivating employees in the hotel industry for the achievement of competitive advantage and the best possible ways and means of doing so. The last few decades, especially the period that commenced from the 1970s, have been characterised by radical changes in management perceptions about the importance of the work force in achieving the strategic objectives of business organisations.  [1]   Whilst traditional management theory treated workers, along with capital, land and machinery, as just one of the four important inputs of business enterprises, current management thought and practice, influenced on one hand by the opinions of experts like Drucker, Porter, Maslow and McGregor, and on the other by dramatically altered business conditions, perceive employees to be critical to organisational success and growth.  [2]   Contemporary developments like globalisation, economic liberalisation, the deconstruction of trade and physical barriers, technological advances, the spread of the internet, instantaneous communication technology, cheaper travel costs and the emergence of China and India as economic power houses have made the world intensely competitive and diminished the superiority of Western business organisations.  [3]  Management experts agree that in economic scenarios where competitors have the same sort of financial resources and organisational infrastructures, competitive edge is mainly achieved through well trained and intensely motivated employee forces.  [4]   The hotel industry has grown remarkably in the last two decades. Globalisation along with greater discretionary incomes in the populations of advanced and developing countries, cheaper travel, open borders and the opening of numerous business and tourists destinations have led to substantial increases in business travel and domestic and international tourism and created enormous opportunities for hotels. Aims and Objectives With the hotel industry expanding exponentially, capacity builds ups in business and tourism centres have created enormous competition in all sectors of the hotel industry.  [5]  Being service oriented in nature, hotels work towards achievement of service quality and improvement of customer satisfaction for achievement of competitive advantage.  [6]   Whilst hotel ownerships strive to provide good physical facilities to their clients, it is widely accepted that excellence in service quality is best achieved through the efforts of employees to meet customer needs  [7]  Motivating employees is thus seen to be a critical task of hotel managements.  [8]   This proposal aims to investigate the contribution of employees in achievement of profitability and competitive advantage in the hotel industry, the importance of motivation in improving employee performance, and the role of managers in motivating employees to improve their performance and commitment. Its objectives are elaborated as follows: To examine the ways and means in which employees can add to the service quality, efficiency, profitability and competitive advantage of the hotel industry. To examine the impact of motivation on the performance of hotel employees. To examine and assess the various ways of motivating employees. To examine the roles of managers in motivating hotel employees. 2. Literature Review Human resource management theory has changed radically over the past few decades. Whilst traditional HR theory was influenced and shaped by scientific management principles embodied in the approaches of Henry Ford and Fredrick Taylor for improvement of worker productivity, the post Second World War period saw the emergence of behavioural experts and psychologists like Maslow, McGregor, Herzberg and Vroom, who discarded Fordist and Taylorist principles and emphasised that worker performance could be much better enhanced by meeting the various needs of workers, training and developing them and empowering them to do their work to the best of their ability.  [9]   Experts like Maslow and Herzberg stress that worker motivation is critical to worker performance and organisational managements need to motivate members of their work force in carefully thought out, well planned and deliberately implemented ways. Maslowà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theory of needs, McGregorà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s exposition of theory X and theory Y, Herzbergà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s detailing of hygiene and motivating factors, and Vroomà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s work on motivating employees deal with the various needs of workers and how they can best be motivated by organisational managements.  [10]   Extant HR theory also places great stress on the need of managers to know methods of motivation and use them appropriately in the work place.  [11]  The evolution of human resources as a management discipline has been characterised by numerous academic and research work on the best possible methods of motivating employees.  [12]   Employees are seen as key inputs in the hotel industry and most well known hotel chains like The Marriot, The Mandarin Orient and The Ritz Carlton are known to have very carefully thought out and well implemented employee performance improvement programmes.  [13]  Motivation plays a key role in such programmes and is a key responsibility of hotel managers.  [14]   The Ritz Carlton, the only two time winner of the famous Malcolm Baldridge awards for quality, is known to have an excellent employee training, development and motivation programme.  [15]  Employees at the Ritz Carlton are motivated through a complex system of policies and procedures that deal with remuneration, training, involvement, responsibility allocation, employee respect and empowerment.  [16]   Employee motivation and the responsibilities of managers in motivating employees are key areas of focus in hotel management theory.  [17]   3. Research Methodology Research Hypotheses The aims and objectives of the project, along with the information obtained during the course of review of available literature, lead to the following research hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: Employees are critical for the achievement of service quality, profitability and competitive advantage in the hotel industry Hypothesis 2: Employee motivation leads to improvement in employee performance Hypothesis 3: Managers can motivate hotel employees in various ways. Research Methods The choice and adoption of appropriate research methods for projects are essentially decided by the nature of the project and the resources available with the researcher.  [18]  With there being two basic methods of social research, namely the quantitative and qualitative approaches, the choice of an appropriate method for this assignment will be shaped by the research hypotheses elaborated above.  [19]   The research hypotheses essentially deal with issues and questions that are how, why and what in nature, and are thus best tackled by use of interpretative qualitative methods, rather than through analysis of the results of number based quantitative surveys.  [20]   Information for the project will be obtained from primary and secondary sources.  [21]  Primary information sources are those that provide information directly from people and organisations who form the subject of research, whereas secondary information is obtained from sources created by people, (e.g. authors, researchers, or media publications), who are unconnected with the research subject.  [22]   It is proposed to use both primary and secondary sources for this research project.  [23]  Whilst substantial information from secondary sources on human resource management, motivational theory, service quality, managerial responsibility and the responsibilities and methods of managers for motivating employees is available in the public domain, primary information can be obtained through study of hotel websites and interviews of people associated with the research subject.  [24]  With the hospitality industry now a globally important industry, a number of academic publications and research studies are available on different aspects of hotel management.  [25]  The study of such sources will enable the researcher to obtain accurate and extensive information on the subject under study.  [26]   The methodology entails the collection of primary and secondary data from the sources elaborated earlier, the qualitative interpretation of obtained information, and its detailed analysis for the purpose of examining the validity of the hypothesis.  [27]   Ethics Care will be taken to ensure that all ethical requirements regarding the conduct of research projects are followed, especially with regard to protection of the rights and confidentiality of primary respondents. Adequate care will be taken to ensure that appropriate credit is given to all information sources.  [28]   Constraints and Limitations The study will be limited by the amount of primary and secondary information accessed by the researcher, as well as the amount of cooperation provided by the primary respondents from the hotel industry. It is envisaged that obtaining appointments with hotel managers may be a difficult task and could delay the gathering of information and data. The researcher plans to start taking appointments with managers in the hotel industry at the earliest in order to maintain the research schedule. 4. Timeline The research is expected to take six months to complete. The timeline of the project is provided below. Function Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Determining of Secondary Information Sources * Study of Secondary Information Sources * * * Determination of Primary Information Sources * * Study of Primary Information Sources * Fixing of Appointments with Primary Respondents * * Conducting of Interviews * Collation of Secondary Information * Compilation of Literature Review * * Compilation of Primary Information * Collation of Data * Data Analysis and Interpretation * Preparation of Rough Draft of Dissertation * Discussion with Tutor * Preparation of Final Dissertation * Word Count: 1610 without Tables

Causes of African American Immigration

Causes of African American Immigration Great Migration Slavery, captives these are the terms which are not separable from the history of the United States since the 15th century until today. Mallaika Adero, in a piece called, Up South Stories, studies and letters of African American Migrations mainly focus on the immigration of African Americans to north of the America. Adero was the former member of the class of the Howard university and she focused here studies on social sciences and perused her career as a senior editor. This article highlights the main reasons for immigration of blacks to the north such as better job opportunities, undesirable effects of natural disasters in south, and higher respect for women and children. Moreover, the article explains the political and cultural consequences of the great migration. The first and foremost important reason that clearly explains the blacks immigration is the job opportunities and higher wages that were offered up in the North. According to the author, up until 20th century, years after the slavery trade was ended, the vast majority of the black people still lived in the south and were considered to be the essential part of the agriculture economy. This trend seemed to continue until the first African American generation who were born free. Amiri Baraka stated that a psychological shift à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ made blacks go north (Baraka). Therefore, the new black generation on their path seeking for more freedom, higher wages, and in general better lifestyle began their way to the north. Besides the black peoples motivation to move to other parts of the nation, the north region merchants were interested in absorbing the black laborer due to preventing European immigration to the states during the world war I. This situation eventually led the demand for black workers to boost dramatically in the north. According to Adero, Negroes were allowed to work in factories that they were prohibited before. For instance, the industry of railroads, mechanics, and other manufacturing businesses were in need of black laborers. In addition to the better job opportunities, the second most important reason that was pushing the African Americans to the north was the natural disasters that were happening frequently in the south. The destructive floods and boll weevil insects were the two most important threats to the south businesses. The damage has been to the extent of a loss of 50 percent of the crop, estimated at 400,000 bales of cotton annually, about 4,500,000 bales since the invasion or $250,000,000 worth of cotton. (Adero 3). Based on the stated statistics, the industry of the south was negatively influenced by the insects attacking the cotton plants which consequently prevented the suppliers from improve their business. This situation lead more black citizens to lose their jobs and to distribute to the other regions. As the north areas were becoming a better place to live for the African American people, the black population was gradually decreasing in the south. In early 19th century, the black population in the north reached the limit that could enable them to strengthen their political and economic status by electing a leader from their race who could contributor to the congress. This could potentially be considered as one of the solutions to improve the black peoples power nationwide. However, the author describes this decision as an unwise move. She correlates the consequents of such a decision to the black people during reconstruction days. On the other hand, the author believes the black people should take an alternative path to the liberty when she says The Negroes should support representative men of any color or party, if they stand for a square deal and equal rights for all (Adero 9). The blacks community was developing as their men were getting more involved in the industry. Nearly, n inety percent of the jobs that required skilled labors were occupied by the black workers. This situation led the black community in the north to become more powerful and eventually establish themselves in the congress. One of the factors that played an essential role during the huge migration was the relation between minority and majority groups and how these two could become a complementary of each other. Alain Locke, American writer and philosopher, explains despite the definition of this two status, it has been proven through the history that there is a very narrow difference between them. Therefore, depending on the time and the situation, one could be considered the minority or the dominant majority. The author uses these attitudes to describe the environment existed in the north nations during the great migration.   According to the author, the great migration significantly affected the blacks community to lose their tradition and culture. However, the study of the history demonstrates that they were able to overcome all the cultural disorganization while gradually following the majority group in the society. Generally speaking, These two articles describe the black peoples immigration to the north after the civil war. The author attempts to clearly describe the main problems that African American were confronting through their immigration. Also, the effect of the migration on the black peoples culture and family life were studied by introducing the close relation between minority and majority groups in different societies. Works Cited Malaika Adero, Ed. Up South: Stories, Studies, and Letters of this Centurys African-American Migrations (New York: The New Press, 1993), pp. xvii-32. Alain Locke,   The New Negro (1925), pp. 442-451.

Portrait of a Victim in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye :: Bluest Eye Essays

Portrait of a Victim: Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye      The Bluest Eye (1970) is the novel that launched Toni Morrison into the spotlight as a talented African-American writer and social critic. Morrison herself says â€Å"It would be a mistake to assume that writers are disconnected from social issues† (Leflore). Because Morrison is more willing than most authors to discuss meaning in her books, a genetic approach is very relevant. To be truly effective, though, the genetic approach must be combined with a formal approach. The formal approach allows the unpacking of the rich language, imagery, and metaphors of Morrison’s writing, and the genetic places it in the larger context of her social consciousness.   In The Bluest Eye, Morrison’s uses her critical eye to reveal to the reader the evil that is caused by a society that is indoctrinated by the inherent goodness and beauty of whiteness and the ugliness of blackness. In an interview with Milwaukee Journal staff writer Fannie Leflore, Morrison said that she â€Å"confronted and critiqued the devastation of racial images† in The Bluest Eye.   The narrative structure of The Bluest Eye is important in revealing just how pervasive and destructive the â€Å"racialization† (Morrison’s term for the racism that is a part of every person’s socialization) is (Leflore). Morrison is particularly concerned about the narration in her novels. She says, â€Å"People crave narration . . . That’s the way they learn things† (Bakerman 58). Narration in The Bluest Eye comes from several sources. Much of the narration comes from Claudia MacTeer as a nine year old child, but Morrison also gives the reader the benefit of Claudia reflecting on the story as an adult, some first person narration from Pecola’s mother, and narration by Morrison herself as an omniscient narrator. Morrison says, â€Å"First I wrote it [the section in The Bluest Eye about Pecola’s mother] out as an ‘I’ story, but it didn’t work . . . Then I wrote it out as a ‘she’ story, and that did n’t work . . . It was me, the author, sort of omnipotent, talking† (Bakerman 59). Morrison intentionally kept Pecola from any first person narration of the story. Morrison wanted to â€Å"try to show a little girl as a total and complete victim of whatever was around her,† and she needed the distance and innocence of Claudia’s narration to do that (Stepto 479).

The Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy :: T.S. Eliot Essays

Love of Life and Fear of Death in the Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy Both T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy have experienced difficulty and hardship in life. Eliot lived through two world wars and Maddy struggled with oppression and poverty growing up in his homeland of Sierra Leone. These life experiences are reflected in their writing. Both of these writers present the reader with the concept of human mortality in such a way that not only is the fear of death prevalent in their work, but also the love of life. Mortal loss was more than just a threat at the time T.S. Eliot wrote The Waste Land. Written in the years following the "Great War", today known as World War I, the destruction and the loss of human life was a very real concept for T.S. Eliot and the rest of the world. When people were shown just how impermanent human life was, they placed a higher value on living. As transient examples, Eliot cites great and powerful cities of the past such as Jerusalem, Athens, and Alexandria to exemplify the impermanent nature of life. In the same way that a person will eventually die, Eliot says that all great cities will crumble. This mentality suggests that death is an all-powerful force that cannot be escaped by anyone or anything. When this life lesson is accepted, the readers are left feeling helpless to control their own paths of life. The fragmented style in which the poem is written leaves the reader feeling lost and vulnerable. The poem leaps from scene to scene and even from language to language. Although the actual subject matter of the scenes is unrelated, the same themes appear throughout the poem. Depressing themes such as life without love, instability in life, and the premature end of life are presented to the reader in a way showing how each of the aspects of life, though difficult to accept, are necessary for life to exist. The main theme presented in Eliot’s poem shows that death is a part of life. Eliot points out that until death occurs, rebirth and transformation cannot take place. The concept that death is a necessity is a very difficult concept to accept, leaving the reader disillusioned. The fragmented and disillusioned feelings the reader receives from reading The Waste Land mimics the emotions felt by the world after the war. The recurring sensory images that Eliot uses appeal to the reader’s fear of the loss The Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy :: T.S. Eliot Essays Love of Life and Fear of Death in the Works of T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy Both T.S. Eliot and Yulisa Amadu Maddy have experienced difficulty and hardship in life. Eliot lived through two world wars and Maddy struggled with oppression and poverty growing up in his homeland of Sierra Leone. These life experiences are reflected in their writing. Both of these writers present the reader with the concept of human mortality in such a way that not only is the fear of death prevalent in their work, but also the love of life. Mortal loss was more than just a threat at the time T.S. Eliot wrote The Waste Land. Written in the years following the "Great War", today known as World War I, the destruction and the loss of human life was a very real concept for T.S. Eliot and the rest of the world. When people were shown just how impermanent human life was, they placed a higher value on living. As transient examples, Eliot cites great and powerful cities of the past such as Jerusalem, Athens, and Alexandria to exemplify the impermanent nature of life. In the same way that a person will eventually die, Eliot says that all great cities will crumble. This mentality suggests that death is an all-powerful force that cannot be escaped by anyone or anything. When this life lesson is accepted, the readers are left feeling helpless to control their own paths of life. The fragmented style in which the poem is written leaves the reader feeling lost and vulnerable. The poem leaps from scene to scene and even from language to language. Although the actual subject matter of the scenes is unrelated, the same themes appear throughout the poem. Depressing themes such as life without love, instability in life, and the premature end of life are presented to the reader in a way showing how each of the aspects of life, though difficult to accept, are necessary for life to exist. The main theme presented in Eliot’s poem shows that death is a part of life. Eliot points out that until death occurs, rebirth and transformation cannot take place. The concept that death is a necessity is a very difficult concept to accept, leaving the reader disillusioned. The fragmented and disillusioned feelings the reader receives from reading The Waste Land mimics the emotions felt by the world after the war. The recurring sensory images that Eliot uses appeal to the reader’s fear of the loss

Comparison Within Clarissa Dalloway

Virginia Woolf creates interesting contrast within the character of Clarissa Dalloway using stream of consciousness narration in her novel Mrs. Dalloway. Clarissas inner thoughts reveal a contrast between her lack of attraction to her husband due to her lesbian feelings and her fear of loosing him as a social stepping stone. These contrasts and many others can be seen throughout the novel using the literary device of stream of consciousness narration. Clarissas character reveals to us early in the book her lack of attraction to her usband. This revelation can be seen in the passage that states: †¦through some contraction of this cold spirit, she had failed him†¦she could see what she lacked†¦it was something central which permeated†¦. The cold spirit that she talks of is her sexuality, in being attracted to women, and her lack of understanding why she is this way. This is the main reason for her lack of attraction. She feels that she has let him down because she cannot complete her duties as his wife. Clarissa had lost both a sexual relationship and exual attraction with her husband since the birth of her teenage daughter Elizabeth: †¦she could not dispel a virginity preserved through childbirth which clung to her like a sheet. Clarissa tells us of her true sexuality as she remembers her girlhood friend Sally Seton. Sally is the only person that Clarissa has ever had any real passionate feelings for. But this question of love, this falling in love with women. Take Sally Seton; her relation in the old days with Sally Seton. Had not that, after all, been love Although Sally held er heart, her homosexual feelings were not socially acceptable. Clarissa is therefore obliged to enter into a marriage to Richard Dalloway for social purposes. A contrast to Clarissas lack of attraction to her husband is seen in her fear of loosing him. Richard provides for her a stepping stone for her to be the socialite that she strives to be. When Richard is invited to a lunch with Lady Bruton, a twinge of fear is evident in Clarissa that she is loosing her husband: Fear no more the heat o the sun; for he shock of Lady Bruton asking Richard to lunch without her made the moment which she had stood shiver†¦. Without him, she would be nothing in society, so Clarissa is scared of loosing him even though she has no attraction towards him. A contrast in the deeper self of Clarissa Dalloway can be seen in the stream of consciousness narration in Mrs. Dalloway. She reveals her lack of attraction for her husband and her fear of loosing him through her inner thoughts. This provides for us the ability to see the weaknesses of Clarissa and many of the other characters.

Information Technology Acts Essay

The invention of the internet and the growing use of it by children caused for implementation of new protection acts. Among these acts are the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), which passed into law in 1998, and the Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA), which became law in 2000. This paper will discuss the advances in information technology that resulted in new ethical issues necessitating the creation of these acts. Children’s Online Protection Act (COPPA), 1998 As the internet grew in popularity among the public, children began to use it more and more for everything from homework, to communicating, to searching for whatever information is out there (surfing). In most cases, websites required the users to put in their personal contact information and, in many cases, allow the website upload tracking cookies to the user’s computer. Almost anyone could then find, buy, and/or use that information for whatever reason. Children’s personal information could be accessed by pedophiles, bullies, or any other type of creep. According to L. Fair of the Federal Trade Commission, COPPA puts parents in control of what information children put online. Whether studying, shopping, surfing or chatting, today’s kids take advantage of everything the Internet has to offer. But when it comes to their personal information, who’s in the driver’s seat? Parents, according to the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA ) and regulations enforced by the Federal Trade Commission. If you operate a website directed to children under 13 that collects personal information – or if you operate a website directed to a general audience and have actual knowledge you’re collecting personal information from kids – you must comply with COPPA’s two main requirements. First, you must prominently post your information security practices on your homepage and wherever you collect information from kids, including the kinds of information you collect; how you collect it (for example, directly from the child or passively, say, through cookies); how you use the information; whether you disclose it to third parties; and the procedures parents can follow to exercise their right to review their child’s personal information, refuse to allow its further collection or use, or have it deleted. Second, before collecting, using, or disclosing a child’s personal information, COPPA requires you to notify parents and get their verifiable consent (Fai r, n.d.). Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA), 2000 As the use of internet by children increased so did concerns about the safety and wellbeing of those children. When searching the internet using an online browser, anyone could type in the word â€Å"sex† or â€Å"porn† and be bombarded with pictures, videos, and websites depicting inappropriate and often offensive content. With e-mail, chat rooms, and other types of e-communication becoming more popular among children, the personal safety of those children became a major concern. There was no way of knowing for sure whom the child was communicating with or what that person’s intentions were. There have been cases of children meeting up with someone they met online and getting raped, kidnapped, and even killed. There was also the concern about what the children were doing online; there was no way of preventing children from hacking or doing other illegal activities on the internet. The government needed to do something to help ensure the safety of children using the internet at school and at the library. To address these concerns, Congress passed into federal law, the Children’s Internet Protection Act. According to the Federal Communications Commission: The Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) is a federal law enacted by Congress to address concerns about access to offensive content over the Internet on school and library computers. CIPA imposes certain types of requirements on any school or library that receives funding for Internet access or internal connections from the E-rate program – a program that makes certain communications technology more affordable for eligible schools and libraries. In early 2001, the FCC issued rules implementing CIPA. Schools subject to CIPA are required to adopt and enforce a policy to monitor online activities of minors. Schools and libraries subject to CIPA are required to adopt and implement an Internet safety policy addressing: (a) access by minors to inappropriate matter on the Internet; (b) the safety and security of minors when using electronic mail, chat rooms and other forms of direct electronic communications; (c) unauthorized access, including so-called â€Å"hacking,† and other unlawful activities by minors online; (d) unauthorized disclosure, use, and dissemination of personal information regarding minors; and (e) measures restricting minors’ access to materials harmful to them. Schools and libraries are required to certify that they have their safety policies and technology in place before receiving E-rate funding (Federal Communications Commission, n.d.). Conclusion With the popularity of the internet among minors came concerns about the children’s safety, wellbeing, exposure, and behavior. To address those concerns the government enacted a federal law that requires websites to get permission from parents before taking personal information from a child under 13 years old. Another law was implemented that protects and monitors the children using the internet at school and at the library by requiring schools and libraries to block access to inappropriate material. Under this law, schools and libraries are also required to implement a policy that addresses the safety and security of children using any form of direct online communication, addresses the illegal use of the internet by children, and addresses the safety of the children’s personal information.

Report on Marketing Strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited

Report on Marketing Strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited Rahimafrooz Bangladesh limited was established in 1950. As a trading company. Late A. C. Abdur Rahim was the proprietor in this time. From 1954   it was established as a limited company. In the new environment he had to start afresh. He had little capital. His main assets were self-confidence and a strong faith in the Almighty, which carried him through all the difficulties with a remarkable triumph.He finally established a small proprietary trading company named Rahimafrooz & Co, in Chittagong in 1950 which was later incorporated on 15th April 1954, which is now Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. Rahimafrooz   Ã‚  expanded rapidly into various trading items. The major milestones in   Rahimafrooz history can be  summarized as below: Incorporated in 1954 by Mr. A. C. Abdur   Rahim Distributorship of Lucas Battery in 1959 Exclusive distributorship of Dunlop tyre in 1978 Acquisition of Bangladesh operations of Lucas UK in 1980 First producer of industrial battery in 1985Pioneering Solar Power in collaboration with BP in 1985 First ever battery export – to Singapore –  in 1992 Launched Rahimafrooz Instant Power System in 1993 Acquisition of Yuasa Batteries (Bangladesh) Ltd. – in 1994 Attained ISO 9002 certification for RBL operations in 1997 First India office opened in Ahmedabad – in 2000 Awarded â€Å"Bangladesh Enterprise of the Year† in 2001 Attained ISO 14001:1996 for RBL  operations Launched â€Å"Agora† – the first ever retail chain in 2001 Launched Rahimafrooz Energy Service in 2002 – promoting distributed power. Established   Rahimafrooz CNG ltd. n 2003 Awarded â€Å"National Export Trophy† in 2003 Metronet  Bangladesh,  a  fibre  optic  based  digital  solution  provider  for  data  communication,launched in joint venture with Flora Telecom – in  2004 Received McGraw-Hill Platt Global Energ y Award  for Renewable Energy  in 2004 Received the â€Å"   Ã‚  Ashden Award† for Sustainable Energy in 2006 EPZ factory and RAL  two new company developed –  in 2008   1. 1 ORIGIN OF THE REPORT: This project   Ã‚  Report has been prepared as the fulfillment of the partial requirement of B. B. A Program. 1. 2 OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORTOur business courses are designed to help the students learning the technique and acquiring with skills needed effectively in management including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, motivating and controlling, problems in achieving organizational goals in differing managerial environments as a part in different management system. So the prime aim of the regarding report is to diagnosis a company regarding their operations & thus make a nice combination of my four years educational learning. The main objective of the report is marketing strategy of   Ã‚  Rahimafrooz ltd. 1. PURPOSE OF THE REPORT: I take information fo r my report by two purposes. 1. 4 PRIMARY PURPOSE: The Primary purpose of this report is to partially fulfill the requirement of my Bachelor Degree. 1. 5 SECONDARY PURPOSE: Secondary sources include the internal documents like annual report company bulletin other research reports and brochures. 1. 6SOURCE AND METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA:The report is organized by secondary source of data. Various report’s brochure, catalog, articles and journals, projects profile, dealer credit policy, and Rahimafrooz website is used in this regard. 1. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY: Firstly, judging a company’s activity relative to competitor is not an easy task. This study has tried to figure out the key factors that has an effect towards the profitability of the company. Secondly, analyzing the secondary data and comparing it with the primary data was a major problem in making the report. Thirdly, lack of adequate knowledge has a effect in   Ã‚  writing the report properly. Chapter Two Com pany history Founder Late A. C. Abdur   Ã‚  Rahim (1915-1982). Rahimafrooz   Ã‚  Bangladesh Limited A man of strict religious values, yet a believer in progressive dynamism, and dreamer who thought nothing is impossible – Late A C Abdur Rahim overcame numerous challenges and obstacles to become one of the most accomplished entrepreneurs of this country. Born on the 20th of January 1915, he lost both his parents by the time he was seven years of age. Deprived of formal schooling and a typically comfortable childhood, he grew up as a man with strong determination, hardworking diligence, and humane compassion. By the early 1940s, Mr. Rahim started small scale commercial trading on his own. He moved to Chittagong in 1947 and stared afresh with very little capital in hand, but with a whole world of courage and faith.In 1950, he established the small trading concern dealing in various items. This proprietary business was formally incorporated on April 15, 1954 as Rahimafrooz & Co. Till date, Rahimafrooz Group commemorates this as its â€Å"Foundation Day†. The childhood hardship and the struggle in his young years only made Mr. Rahim a strong individual, a faithful human being, and a leader full of compassion and humanity. He was a caring father and an affectionate person throughout his life. Whoever, in his lifetime, came in touch with Mr. Rahim, fondly remembers him as a man of tremendous humility, dignity, and trustworthiness.His   passion for continuously improving himself and his religious and ethical righteousness, and his dedication to please his customers – are still prevalent in today’s Rahimafrooz culture – shaping the Group’s present and its future. Today’s Rahimafrooz is a dream that Mr. A C Abdur Rahim turned into reality. The business growth, the social commitment, and the great diversity in today’s Rahimafrooz are the outcome of one lifetime of hard work and compassion from Mr. Rahim. He br eathed his last on March 14, 1982 in London. But his work and his virtue have kept him alive forever.May Allah grant him with eternal peace. Over the decades, Rahimafrooz has grown in size, scale, and diversity. The Group today has Eight Operating Companies (SBUs), a few other business ventures, and a not for profit social enterprise. As of 2011, the Group currently employs more than three thousand people directly and a further twenty thousand indirectly as suppliers contractors, dealers and retailers. Rahimafrooz operates in four broad segments – Storage Power, Automotive & Electronics, Energy and Retail. We have strengthened our market leadership at home while reaching out to international markets.Ranging from automotive   after   Ã‚  market products, energy and power solutions, to a world class retail chain – the team at Rahimafrooz is committed to ensuring the best in quality standards and living the Group’s five core values – Integrity, Excellenc e, Customer Delight , Innovation and Inspiring People. Rahimafrooz has been a partner in the development journey of this nation for more than fifty-five years now. We set ourselves the highest standards in responsible corporate behavior and our passion for success is aligned with the development of the country.We are committed to playing a leading role in driving growth, prosperity, ethical values and social responsibility. We continue to serve our customers through unparalleled quality excellence and service superiority. Our business success has been complemented by our commitment to the environment, society and community. At Rahimafrooz, We are – ‘enriching lives with your trust’! 2. 1 Aspiration: To be most admire and trusted organization through excelling in everything we do, following ethical business practice and adding value to stake holder. 2. 2 Vision:Be an enterprising group of Taka 2,000 crore by the year 2010 with the diversified business portfolio fo cus on dynamic growth, excellence, innovation, customer delight in enriching our world. 2. 3 Vision 2015: A billion dollar diversified group committed to adding value to all stakeholders and community Value: Integrity in all our dealing Excellence in everything we do Total commitment to customer satisfaction Thinking ahead and taking new initiative 2. 4 Quality policy: We, as a team, totally committed to customer delight through intelligent effort and continuous improvement. 2. Community service: Rahimafrooz regularly contribute personal, monetary and medical help to  people disadvantaged by  natural calamities and  serious illness. Rahimafrooz also makes significant contribution to leading diabetic and cancer hospitals. 2. 6 Achievements of RBL: Asia’s Best Brand  Ã‚  CMO Award 2010 Asia’s Best Employer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SC& FE,  CSR  Ã‚  Award 2008 Brand Leadership  Ã‚  Award 2008 Ashden   Award  Award 2006 National export trophy Award 2001- Chapt er three Strategic business unit (SBU) RBL 3. SBUs (Strategic Business Units): Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. (Group Parent Company)Rahimafrooz (Batteries) Ltd. Rahimafrooz Distribution Ltd. Rahimafrooz Energy Services Ltd. Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. Rahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. Excel Resources Ltd. Rahimafrooz Globatt Ltd. Rahimafrooz service center 3. 1 Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. (Group Parent Company: Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Limited (RABL) is the Group Holding and Parent Company including the Group Corporate Center that guides the Strategic Business Units (SBUs). It ensures continuous management innovation, technology adoption, new initiatives, corporate governance and compliance.Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd has imported world famous Dunlop Tire and Tube which is producing in Japan and India. At present Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. Is one of the top most organizations in the country many officer and personnel work hard. From the development of the orga nization Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. is mainly work in four divisions 1. Corporate Division 2. Manufacturing Division 3. Marketing and sales division 4. International division The chairman is the chief executive officer of the organization and the director is the head of every division. Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. has one head office in Motiheel.Two service offices in Dhaka and Chittagong and one factory in Nakhal Para and other is Savar. Regional office is operated by regional manager who has controlled all the sales force and also has responsible for his job to the managing director of head office. Every appointed dealer in the sales center of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. they always get up great training from the company to serve the customer all over the country there are near about 180 dealers of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh ltd. Often the company organize conference for the dealer and they create the opportunity to exchange their value. . 2 Rahimafrooz Battery Ltd: Rahimafrooz batter y ltd has mainly marketed Rahimafrooz battery. At present Rahimafrooz company has been producing and marketing more than one hundred categories battery. Automotive battery and motor cycle battery are produced by Rahimafrooz Company. This is very popular in the market and also high quality. The Company’s manufacturing plants produce a range of products – automotive, motorcycle, and appliance batteries, Industrial (stationary, deep cycle, traction, VRLA batteries, IPS and UPS batteries, and rectifiers.Lucas and Spark are the leading names in the local automotive battery market while Volta, Optus and Delta are gaining equity as International brands. RBL has a successful story of installing solar power in the remote rural areas of Bangladesh. It has successfully installed more than 10,000 home solar systems in the remote rural areas of Bangladesh. In Bangladesh Rahimafrooz Factory is situated in Nakhal Para. Tejgoan. It is the heist battery production capacity factory. The authority tries their level best but to keep its quality through skill and efficient engineer Plant Capacity: Rahimafrooz has state of the art manufacturing plants.We are equipped with all latest technologies with complete air treatment and lead-recycling management. RBL produces different types of batteries to meet the local and international market. Its capacity in Automotive Battery is 660,000 (N50) units per annum and Industrial Battery is 41 million AH/annum. By the end of 2010, these will increase to 8000,000 (N50) and 120 Million AH respectively. All the products are manufactured following strict quality and environmental standards, and are ensured by international certifications too. Our main product range includes: Automotive battery Motorcycle batteryAppliance battery Deep cycle – Flat plate battery Industrial tubular battery VRLA battery IPS and UPS batteries 3. 3 RAHIMAFROOZ DISTRIBUTION LTD: The company has a huge relation with the market to distribute its produ cts through the network of dealers. It has almost near about 200 dealers, 280 Retailers and 95 Lubricant Dealers across the country for distributing Dunlop   tyre, Lucas batteries, Volta batteries, RZ   tire, BP lubricants and Rahimafrooz instant power system. RDL’s portfolio includes international tyre brands Dunlop and Kenda while it also carries its own brand RZ Tyre and  battery brands Lucas and Spark.RDL is the exclusive franchisee of the world’s leading lubricant brand Castrol. Through Rahimafrooz IPS, UPS and Voltage Stabiliser, the company enjoys clear leadership of the emergency power products market. In addition, it also runs eight automobile service centres in Dhaka and Chittagong. Recently the company has entered the electronic goods market. It distributes and markets various household appliances and electronic goods through RDL’s newly inaugurated electronics retail chain, Ureka and its numerous sales outlets.RDL product portfolio includes the followings: Tyre RDL   markets different tyres for car, bus, truck and auto-rickshaw. It is the sole distributor of DUNLOP in Bangladesh. RZ Tyre is its own premium heavy duty truck/bus tyre fit for Bangladeshi road. It also markets other economy tyres. Automotive RDL markets three major brands of automotive batteries: LUCAS, VOLTA, VOLTA MF (Maintenance Free) and SPARK. All batteries are produced by RBL. Power Back-Up System RahimAfrooz   Ã‚  IPS and Rahimafrooz UPS are two popular power back-up systems marketed by RDL. LubricantRDL is the marketer and sole agent of Castrol, one of the lubricant giants Rahimafrooz solar is started with a  pilot project with the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission. Rahimafrooz Solar supplies solar-electricity to the remote villages of Bangladesh. More than 30,000 thousand families are supplied with solar power with help of NGOs and International Organizations. Excel retires limited RBL is the leading tyre retread company in Bangladesh. ERL ha s been serving the industry since 1994 providing  best quality of retreads. Its plant is capable of retreading tyres of  car, bus, and truck.EXCEL RESOURCES LTD Excel Resources Ltd. (ERL) is a leading name for tyre retread. ERL also manufactures and markets emery cloths and abrasive papers. ABOUT RETREAD Retread of tyre is a process whereby new tread rubber is applied on a used tyre casing; if done properly, this process allows similar mileage like new tyres. The process extends longer casing life. Based on the casing, a tyre can be retread up to 3 or 4 times, as long as the casing supports. The retread process is eco-friendly and does not result in environmental pollution.A retread tyre can save up to 50% of new tyre’s cost. Every time you buy and use a retread tyre, you help to conserve Their valuable natural resources and since retread tyres are less expensive than comparable new tyres, one can save money while helping the environment. This is truly a win-win situation 3. 4   Rahimafrooz   Energy Services Ltd. BRAND Rahimafrooz   Energy Services Limited was established in the year 2000 as a standby, captive anddistributed power solution provider. It is a leading name in the diesel generator industry having a customer base of nearly 700.Its clientele comprise of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecoms, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments including the Armed Forces. The company is marketing both diesel and gas generators from Pramac Power Engineering, Italy and Spain, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Limited, Japan. Rahimafrooz Energy is also providing Rental Power with both diesel and gas generators. Rahimafrooz Energy is the Authorized Distributor of GE Consumer & Industrial Lighting, USA and Exclusive Distributor of Wiring Accessories and Low Voltage Protection Devices from Hager, France in Bangladesh.Located at the heart of Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka Rahimafrooz Energy is equipped with the necessary service facilities and ready availability of stocks for all kinds of organizations and individuals requiring energy related solutions RESL is the Exclusive Distributor of PRAMAC in Bangladesh. It markets diesel generators up to 2500 KVA for multiple users. Its customers comprised of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecom companies, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments.Established with the aim of being a provider of standby, captive and distributed power solutions offering 24X7 customer services, the company is now ready to launch three new products which are gas generators, power rentals and electrical accessories. In a short span of five years, Rahimafrooz Energy Services Limited has grown to be a highly reliable energy solution company. PRAMAC generators come up to 2,500 KVA for multipurpose use. Its customers comprised of industrial plants, real estates, hospitals, educational institutions, telecom companies, supermarkets, corporate houses and government establishments. . 5 RAHIMAFROOZ   Ã‚  RENEWABLE ENERGY LTD Transforming the lives of people and lighting up different corners of the country, Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd. (RRE) has been providing Rahimafrooz Solar solutions for households, agriculture, healthcare, education, rural streets and marketplaces. To date, RRE has lightened up more than 40,000 rural homes in Bangladesh and the Company is endeavoring to do much more in the future. The abundance, inexhaustibility and non polluting nature of solar energy, have made it right alternative for conventional energy sources, which are getting fast exhausted.So far only a small portion of solar energy is being harnessed for use in solar water heating, solar lighting, telecommunications, medical refrigeration and solar water pumping. Working closely with Bangladesh Government’s agencies, NGOs, donor and partner organizations, and international agencies, RRE offers a full rage of solar solutions including home lighting, street lighting, heating systems, water pumps, Photo Voltaic (PV) centralized systems, drip irrigation systems, vaccine refrigeration, support for computer and other electronic systems, and a number of other solutions.More than 60,000 homes already been illuminated with RRE’s solar efforts and the number is always growing. Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd. At first has marketed solar energy by exporting it from England. The following places and the institutions are the user of solar. 1. Hospital and Clinic 2. Irrigation project 3. School, Masjid, Road, Television 4. Telecommunication sector. 5. Railway signal 6. To find out the river way. The Organization where the solar Energy is set up 1. NGO 2. Tea Garden 3. Army cantonment Chittagong 4. Private Organization 3. 6 RAHIMAFROOZ CNG LTD. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. RACNG) offers comprehensive solutions for CNG refueling, conversion, conversion centers, and maintenance. The Com pany runs state-of-the-art CNG conversion centers offering 1st to 5th generation conversion, and is setting up a wide country-wide network of refueling stations. It also assists, through equipments, technological know-how, training and marketing, in setting up CNG conversion centers and refueling stations INSTALLATION OF CNG STATION: It helps to setup CNG Fuel Station on a turn-key basis. It also assists in obtaining financial support from the Financial Institution to setting up CNG station.It provides round the clock technical supports and training   CNG CONVERSION: It has its own conversion centers where you can convert your Octane or Petrol driven automobile into CNG. Rahimafrooz CNG offers an innovative and technically advanced system for conversion of all types of vehicles into CNG It is the sole technical and commercial representative of Lo. gas s. r. l. of Italy. All CNG components are given full warranty with necessary technical support. CNG SERVICES: It also provides all types of technical support related to CNG stations, systems and kits to individuals and institutions. 3. 7 Rahimafrooz Superstores LtdRahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. (RSL) made a breakthrough in the urban lifestyles by launching the first retail chain in the country – Agora. With outlets in important locations in Dhaka, and many more coming at key locations in Dhaka and other major cities, Agora is endeavoring to fulfill the everyday needs of the urbanites through fair price, right assortment, and best quality. While Agora mainly focuses on food items – ranging from a wide variety of fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, bakery, dairy, and grocery – it also carries a vast array of other household, grocery, personal care, and various other products.Having started its journey in 2001, Agora is committed to sustaining and growing as the most trusted, loved, and frequented retail chain. Agora outlets: Dhanmodi Gulshan Mogbajar Mirpur 3. 8   Rahimafrooz Globatt Ltd (RGL) Ra himafrooz Globatt Ltd (RGL) is the global wing of Rahimafrooz group. As part of excelling two decades of international market experience and aspiring to become a truly global company, this state of the art Maintenance Free (MF) and Sealed Maintenance Free (SMF) battery manufacturing plant was established in the year 2009. With 2. million unit production capacity per year, RGL is the largest battery export plant in South Asia. In recognition to its quality management system, RGL has received ISO 9001:2008 Certification from Orion Registrar, Inc. , USA. The manufacturing process of RGL ensures highest level of environment sustainability. RGL offers a broad range of maintenance free automotive batteries manufactured according to JIS and DIN standard for a variety of vehicles, ranging from small cars to large commercial vehicles. RGL also manufactures deep cycle battery for inverter application.All these batteries have been designed by one of the leading German company. These batteries are designed for millions of vehicle enthusiasts across Asia & Pacific, Middle East, Africa, Europe and Americas. As the pay off line of  its flagship brand GLOBATT â€Å"Drive Within† illustrates, the battery is winning heart and mind of the consumers around the globe through its unparallel performance. Metro net Rahimafrooz Group, in a joint enterprise, has ventured into the first ever fiber optical commercial networking backbone in Bangladesh Metronet Bangladesh Ltd. (MBL).MBL provides robust data communication services to private sector offices, financial institutions, ATMs, and many other institutions. GreyFab and Asia Tex are two other businesses that manufacture and export textile and terry towels. Rural Service Foundation (RSF) is a not-for-profit social enterprise endeavoring to alleviate poverty and supporting the rural poor. The poverty alleviation model of RSF is based on three basic principles – affordable, replicable, and sustainable. RSF has been helpi ng the rural poor, through programs involving solar home systems, irrigation, bio gas, contract farming, battery powered instant power systems etc.Besides, RSF also runs â€Å"Dhaka Project† which is a home to some 600 urban street children, providing them with shelter, education, food, clothing, and care. Supported by Rahimafrooz. 3. 9 RAHIMAFROOZ SERVICE CENTER : Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd service center is situated in 13 Mahakhali commercial areas in Dhaka. Here the product of Rahimafrooz is sold and servicing also. Here the service is done in modern computerized system. The   Ã‚  complain is also solved and handle from here. and a number of generous donors from home and abroad, RSF has a country-wide network with nearly fifty field offices. . 10 Sales process: Diesel generator: Project 1. Pre-sales meeting: (sale people) Discussion with customer regarding the actual need, the size of the generator, KVA, installation process etc. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inform customer re garding product feature b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site visit: evaluate the customer recommended location where generator would be placed c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Load calculation d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site suggestion: Inform customer regarding installation process; provide product recommendation based on site etc. e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Estimated price rates 1. Offer submission (based on customer requirement)Technical Product list Financial offer Other parties involve with offer submission. (They evaluate the offer) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Financial institution/ Bank b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consultant c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Construction contactor 1. Follow up (before sale) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Over phone b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Direct visit 1. Final Negotiation meeting Price Product 1. If accepted   by the customer then work order is issued   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   schedule date for installation material estimate or list of material material arrangement relevant document Price and mode of paym ent 1. payment (as per work order) 2. re-installation inspection (sale people and installation and service supervisor * customer name and address * package number * capacity * installation place * material list * delivery date 1. delivery/dispatch (store officer 2. installation 3. follow up ( after sales) by the sales people 4. bill collection (accounts and sales people) * description of equipment * model * commissioning date * amount of bill claimed by the RESL 1. A. Corporate: Definition: corporate customers are those customers who buy a bulk amount of products from RESL. It can be Bank, factory, hospital, real estate or industry.Sales process is same 1 to 11 Installation Sources/sales leads are different. B. Individual: Definition: individual customers are those customers who buy one or two products from RESL. It can be Bank, factory, hospital, real estate or industry. Sales process is same 1 to 11 (except work order) 100% payment before delivery sources/sales leads are different 1. B. Referral : Colleague from RDL, RBL and etc Sales lead given by commission agent Sales man of RESL has contact with other company’s sales man   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Refer customer to the RESL. Receive commission   from RESL to 11 same processes. Except work order for individual but for corporate (need work order) 1. C. Third party/Contract proposal: Rail way , police buy from third party Third party buy from RESL (supplier of generator)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But all after sales services given by the RESL Sources of sales lead: From colleague like RDL,RBL sales person of other company existing customer Direct call from customer( new or existing customer) Sales lead given by commission agent From bill board Newspaper Related generator company/ similar trend business Consultant Road site Field representativeDirect sale Customer direct come to RESL Project| Corporate| Individual| Third party/contract proposal | Referral|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From Existing customerDirect sale  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Direct saleFrom bill boardNewspaper  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From bill boardNewspaperDirect saleField representativeRoad siteRelated generator company/ similar trend business|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From bill boardNewspaper|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From colleague like RDL,RBLsales person of other companySales lead given by commission agentConsultant| Figure #1 3. 11 After sales service: 1. Installation (project and individual/corporate) 2. Service (individual) . I. Emergency service 2. II. Schedule service 3. Service (project) 1. Installation( individual/corporate) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Site visit b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pre-installation inspection (sale people and installation -service supervisor)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   customer name and address package number capacity installation place material list delivery date c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Material arranged Material bought by the customer (cable) or RESL provide it. d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on that date follow up and confirm that today you have installation date. e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which engineer will go for installation (his name, place and date)?This record is in excel sheet f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Commissioning sheet * Site code * customer name * Package no * Supplier address * Technical terms * Other relevant information * Comments from customer * signed by RESL service engineer and customer 2. Service ( individual ) 1. I. Emergency service (warranty period 1year or running hour1500h) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hot line b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Call from customer c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whether this product is within warrant or not d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Commissioning sheet cheeked by service coordinator   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   customer name Package no Supplier address Technical terms Other relevant information Comments from customer igned by RESL service engineer and customer e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If it is within warranty then free service and prompt( excluding Lub oil fi lter, air filter, fuel filter and culent filter parts) f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   send engineer to the sight g)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Service sheet sign by engineer and customer with the bill copy, feed back sheet and other material h)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Follow up only for individual (everyday at least 10 calls from excel sheet randomly) i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Documentation how many times complains come from client. j)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Problems sheet send to Service complain par day——–6 to 10 k)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   She only send critical problem to the COOEmergency service for an example>hospital>1) normal problem> normal engineer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   >2) critical problem> critical enginee r 1. II. Schedule service a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hot line b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tell Detail information about product( KVA and price rate) c) Offer give by service coordinator of RESL[this is basically gave idea about relevant parts for generator]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Description of material Quantity Price Signature by service engineer d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If accepted then schedule date e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bill collection f)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   AMC service[Dhaka and out   side Dhaka city] Critical A ——–one service—–price range different *   Non Critical —-one service—–price range different * Super Critical —one service—–price range different * Working hour * Payment date * Exclusion * Other applicable terms * Starting date g)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inform about Servicing after 50h/200h/ or 6month which ever come first ( excluding Lub oil filter, air filter, fuel filter and culent filter parts) h)     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Engineer send to the customer with the bill copy, feed back sheet and other material i)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Payment( partially or full) j)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Follow up monthly wise )  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All Problems sheet send to (senior officer- customer relation l)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Service complain par day——–10 to 15 m)  Ã‚  Ã‚   She only send critical problem to the COO C. Service (project): Projects are those customers who bought a bulk amount of product. For an example GP bought——560+ diesel generators. 5 people are working as a service coordinator to maintain the service for project. Different people are handling different type project. So, their working style is also different. They have 5projects (GP, Bangla link, Eric son, AKTEL and Motorola. Processes are same but record keeping/documentation is different.Installation (projects): service coordinator Estimated( everything including product, pa rts and etc) given by the project * customer name * Package no * Supplier address * Technical terms * Other relevant information * Comments from customer * signed by RESL service engineer and customer RESL take all estimated   material( material list) for installation to the site If any extra parts or material need then RESL claim extra bill for that Commissioning paper and engineer sign that paper Problems: Service engineers are not identifying the specific problem. Every time new service engineer was coming and telling customer about new problem.Different service engineers are sending for same problem. customer become dissatisfied and for this reason sell will be decline in future Stock out problem Not delivery at proper time Not inform problem to the original sales people by Proper service Place Manpower Branding Promotion Promotion (integrated Marketing communication): RESL was doing Same Promotion for all products. For an example: diesel generator, GE lighting and power renta l. Above the line Through the line Below the line Above the line   | Bill board | Press add| Add Design for bill board | Process of press advertising:Design developed   by RESL with agency Rate (fixed)[on behalf of RESL negotiation with news paper by Agency] a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which paper b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Page number c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What size d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Color Quotation send by add agency Work order send by RESL Payment Chapter four Branding 4. 1 Brand: A name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or a group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition. Brand elements, sometimes called brand identities, are those trademark able devices that serve to identify and differentiate the brand.The main brand elements are brand names, logos, symbols, characters, slogans, jingles, and packages. Brand element choice criteria: 1. MEMORABLE Easily recognized: it is easy to r ecognize because this is already a establish brand (general electric) Easily recalled: easy to recall also 2. MEANINGFUL Fun and interesting Rich visual and verbal imagery 3. PROTECTABLE Legally Competitively 4. ADAPTABLE Flexible Updatable 5. TRANSFERABLE Within and across product categories Across geographical boundaries and cultures The quality parameter: ProductQuality| Generator| Performance| v| Feature| v| Conformance quality| v| Reliability| v|Durability| v| Serviceability| v| Style and design| v| 4. 2 Steps of brand building TARGET MARKET| OTHER VARIABLES| VALUE INNOVATION| VALUE PRICING| VALUE DELIVERY | VALUE PROPOSITION | Brand Elements| STEPS IN BUILDING BRAND| Product Engineering| Creating Differentiation| Five Dimensional Branding| Win – WinSituation| Cost-EffectiveDistribution| Position the brand in the mind of the prospect| Create awareness/ identity of name/ symbol/personality | Position the brand to differentiate from others | Create brand image| Create trus t in the minds of customers, prospects and other stakeholders by maintaining consistency and DEL | BRAND EQUITY| Build awareness to the mind of the prospect. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Branded vehicle b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All Transportation of GE will covered by the GE stickers c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sales man will build awareness to the dealer d)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tell detail about the   brand like GE e)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Provide GE T-shirt to all sales people 4. 3   Experience wheel of Rahimafrooz Chapter Five Supply chain  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   management 5. 1 Function of Physical distribution: Inventory control a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How much to order? b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When to order? Warehouse(private) a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tejgaon b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Begun bari c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mirpur Material handling )  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain the quality of storage b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moving right goods at the right ti me to make them available to the right customer. Transportation a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Own b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Private Channel structure: Indirect| Intermediary (RESL)| Manufacturer| End user| Level of intensities: Distribution from single outlet (RESL)| Exclusive| Ware house entry process: 1. Normal entry 2. Warranty entry A) Normal entry [which come from direct principle] Entry new products L/C number About product part number and serial number Input to the excel sheet Kept in store Delivery B) Warranty entry Entry Defective productsMatch with the product part number and serial number Input to the excel sheet For Defective products kept in store[ for physical evidence] Delivery Current process (re-placement flow): 5. 2 Target market : The target market is group of customer to whom the company aims its marketing effort. The   target market of the RBL is automobile users   and industries telecommunication, power station, railway   system, electric vehicle, forklift, ship   buoy lighting and solar power system and household for IPS and UPS battery. targeting   board groups of buyers within a specific product/market, such as automobiles.Consider for example, the global market for automobiles. In 2003 the sales   of   the Chevrolet Impala model where 1. 5 million units, In 2005 the sale corolla best selling model has sales of about 300,000 unit . considering automobile market   RBL segmented their markets and develop product like locus. The fragmentation of needs and want in market is creating subgroups of buyers of buyers within the total market, each displaying different customer satisfaction requirements. such  Ã‚   differention provides   and   opportunity for business to design product offerings to meet the needs of customer indifferent market segment.Targeting all people  Ã‚   and also organization in a market is not a typical strategy for RBL. instead, many target one or more segment within the total market. Deciding what people to target is a critically important strategic decision. Customer focus Rbl are focusing on customer. getting to close to customer Rahimafrooz associates   Ã‚  directly   with distribution, retailers and also buyers to know what drives customer satisfaction, identify customer   needs, and use those needs to target market where the business can achieve a sustainable and significant competitive advantage in this field.RBL understand customer preferences and   requirement and offerings superior value RBL developed a centralized customer feedback and query sell total commitment to customer satisfaction â€Å"is one is of their values. listening to what customer say in continual systematic way is a key tool to comprehend their needs and requirement and to satisfy them a achievement excellence in their product and service accordingly. All individuals of Rahimafrooz Group interact with customers and members of the  public everyday and do hear, eceive, or learn about their comment s, complaints, views, etc on the products, services, and dealings of the company A systematic and organized way of managing these feedbacks and queries will surely strengthen their total commitment to customer satisfaction. Strategic Policies Innovative: RBL always   find creative means to achieve their desired results, while  building on the experiences of others. Leaders : RBL aggressively in the forefront of economic development for their target markets; others will use their success  to measure own. Renewals and Growth:RBL focus our efforts and incorporate values into actions that contribute to a positive, effective and  sustainable economic transformation in the  Region. Enterprising  People: RBL find,  embrace  and  support  the  efforts  of  customers, suppliers and employees who are motivated to undertake new or risky paths that result in  personal and  company growth. Enterprising Businesses: RBL attract and engage companies willing to change a nd take risk to achieve sustainable growth, thereby providing increased employment and wealth to the Region. The Region:RBL will serve the broad  geographic area rather than Bangladesh. Strategies Build a support system that will enable the successful execution of resources to innovate superior products. Develop production process based on  the strategic plan  implementation requirements Develop cross-functional team to support  implementation of the  strategic plan. Develop a performance measures tool Develop  a  process  for  continual  feedback  on   progress  from  the  market  and  periodic assessment and  revision of their marketing strategy and plans. 5. 3 How RBL Become Market Leader 1. ive the values Integrity Honest, fair and impartial to all. – e. g. delivering on promises to external and internal customers. Excellence Self  discipline,  personal  responsibility,  overall  commitment  e. g. (a) Taking  personal resp onsibility for delivering the results as planned. e. g. (b)   Finding and  implementing new or  improved solution. Total Customer satisfaction This applies to both  internal and external customers, and must fully  satisfy both. This means those understanding their expectations, and  matching to our  resources/capabilities. Taking new initiativesFinding and implementing new ways of solving or improving issues 2. RESULT  ORIENTED Achieving   Ã‚  targets, taking corrective action, giving  feedback. 3. TEAM  BUILDER Empathic, Compassionate . e. g. (a) Receptive to ideas, complaints, feedback of others and adding positive suggestions (b)  Actively coaching team members for their  development. 4. RECEPTIVE  TO  CHANGE E. g. deriving maximum   Ã‚  benefit from   the new style of supportive training programs rather  than the previous directive style of training. 5. VISIONARY Recognizing the qualities & skills required to aspire to the company’s vis ion e. . Constantly  benchmarking themselves to fulfill aspirations. 6. ENTREPRENEURIAL Proactive, risk-taking, Self-starter, innovative, confident e. g. Constantly strive to improve knowledge of company. 5. 4 SWOT ANALYSIS OF RBL According to the study if the organization strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis of   Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd is described bellow; Strengths: Excellent cycling ability  high reliability and exceptionally long life Large electrolyte reservoir high tolerance to water loss and minimal maintenance High charging efficiencyLow self discharge, dry pre-charged plates High rate of discharge performance High resistance to adverse mechanical and electrical condition Weaknesses: Expensive than other competitors’ brand Low self discharge Opportunities: Evolution into a â€Å"Plug-in Hybrid† with higher capacity batteries and a drive train designed to operate for extended periods in electric-only mode. spread into other market sectors Increasing awareness of environmental issues likely to keep demand high. licensing of technology to other manufacturers Threats Increasing Global CompetitionLow price batteries offered by China Increasing raw materials price Chapter Six Findings Product Basis Market Share: Rahimafrooz Battery Ltd 27 Feb 2011 †¦ Bangladesh now has a battery market of 0. 6 million units worth Tk 5. 0 billion a year and Rahimafrooz has 75 per cent market share. Rahimafrooz’s     Globatt hits Local Market â€Å"We exported 0. 6 million batteries in the last two years with   Ã‚  Globatt   Ã‚  having 60 per cent share of the total units. Mr. Moin said at present there is a demand of 400 million batteries worldwide while Rahimafrooz exports 0. 5 million units a year. Business DomainsThis section describes Rahimafrooz Group’s businesses according to the four broad segments that its companies operate in. Storage Power: Rahimafrooz Group is the largest manufacturer a nd exporter of automotive and industrial batteries in Bangladesh and has the largest battery export plant in South Asia. Automotive and Electronics: Rahimafrooz Group markets and distributes various automotive after-market products such as automotive batteries, tyres and lubricant as well as electronics ranging from home appliances, power backup systems, lighting products, and electrical accessories.The Group is also one of the leading complete CNG solution providers in the country. Energy: Rahimafrooz Group has a significant presence in the energy sector of Bangladesh and offers a wide range of renewable and conventional energy solutions. Retail: Rahimafrooz Group introduced the first retail chain of superstores in Bangladesh and has played a major role in redefining everyday shopping. After gathering information I can draw the following findings: As it is found that average 75% of market share is obtained by RBL.Most of the dealers claim that they receive their order, but it is no t in   ordering period. Cent percent dealers’ claims that they are dissatisfied with the products of RBL. The Rahimafrooz Group has more than 10 exclusive outlets. Bangladesh’s largest manufacturer†¦distributor of automotive and industrial batteries. Bangladesh-based Rahimafrooz Batteries Ltd (RBL) expects India operations to contribute 10 per cent to the company’s global revenues by 2013. Rahimafrooz IPS & UPS are best in country. RBL is the first producer of industrial battery.It is a leading name in the diesel generator industry having a customer base of nearly 900. RREL is also the pioneer in providing solar-hybrid solutions for Telecom Operators’ BTS towers and solar powered irrigation systems in Bangladesh. Skilled and well-trained team to ensure quality workmanship Excellent after sales service. Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. (RACNG) is one of the leading complete CNG solution providers in the country Chapter Seven Recommendation Service engineers are not identifying the specific problem. Every time new service engineer was coming and telling customer about new problem.Different service engineers are sending for same problem. customer become dissatisfied and for this reason sell will be declined in future Stock out problem Not delivery at proper time Not inform problem to the original sales people by Proper service Place Manpower Branding Promotion If company solves these problems then it will grow faster. Conclusion No business stays at the top if it doesn’t maintain its performance. Thus it is very important to fulfill the demand of the consumers through competitive advantage.This study has gone through different stages to identify the relations of marketing tools that can affect significantly the market share of Rahimafrooz’s product. Going through, Rahimafrooz’s product also identifies different activities of the competitors because there are also players who have special interest are their market share in the same market. Timeliness of the data is very important. I want to mention that here I learned how to work in professional environment with challenges in the real development world, how to improve coding and design techniques and how to cope with different working Throughout the whole development process.I got the chance to implement my theoretical knowledge of marketing that I learnt over last 4 years from my respected faculty members of ASA University of Bangladesh. Not only that, through report writing I got to know how to compose professional and formal reports for any project or research works. I have taken total marketing strategy of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited. Through this I have tried to give an actual scenario of Marketing Strategy.